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First Chapter

Typos — p. 435: commerical [= commercial]; p. 437: patriarchial [= patriarchal]; p. 444: Bougham [= Brougham]; p. 451: convervatism [= conservatism]; p. 451: harnassed [= harnessed]


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Index

Aaron: the founder of the hereditary priesthood of the Jews, 339, his parentage, 339; the child of incest, 342

Acquired Characteristics: transmission of, discussed, 389–401

Agriculture: taught by landowners in feudal times, 38; the killing of, 44; the Grand Rebellion fight of, against capitalism, 50; the foundation of a healthy people and a healthy life, 58; provided the men who won England's battles, 62; the repeal of the Corn Laws the defeat of, 63; the foundation of a great Empire, 63; a sweated industry in England, 64; killed by the Puritans, 226; swept away by trade and industry, 230

Ale: old English, 207–223; as drunk by the Egyptians, 207; drunk by Queen Elizabeth, 210; and by children, 210; an adequate supply of, insisted upon in the old days, 211 and note; the true temperance drink of the working classes, 211; set a bashful suitor wooing, 211; a spirit tonic, 212; its superiority over all substitutes introduced by the Puritans, 212; Puritans' tax on, 214; adulterated with hops, 214–218

Alexander the Great: his foolish encouragement of mixed marriages, 306

Aliens: the evils resulting from enormous alien population in England, 91 and note

Altruism: imposition of taste by voice of flourishing life, the greatest act of, 247; a strong, self-reliant man's consideration for others the only valuable, 278 note

Amateurism: England the land of, 87; Protestantism the religion of, 87; St. Paul the Apostle of, 88; the English doctrine of, corrupting the whole world, 89

Animals: Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to, founded sixty years before the Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Children, 53 note

Aquinas, St. Thomas: concedes right of revolution to badly ruled peoples, 14

Arabs: on the message of the face and body, 12 note

Aristocracy: the principle of life, 3, 5, 359; gives a meaning to the work of the lower orders, 17; taste of the Venetian, 22, 367; Cobbett's belief in, 61; true, extinct in England for many years past, 65; superficiality of democrat's attack on, 239; transvaluation of values necessary for revival of, 261, 262; the people's assent to an, that of a child to its mother, 264; the old aristocracy of Europe hereditary, 330 note;

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    still hope for aristocracy in England, 353; true, not an aristocracy of mere brains, 354; present English, not that of the best, 361; should not allow its ranks to be filled indiscriminately, 414; should choose its own new members, 415, 420; should seek out its like, 415; should seek out men of taste and ability, 415, 420; should be a patron of culture, 420; education as a weapon of selection in the hands of an, 420, 421, 422; versus the Aristocrats, 427. Landed, see English Aristocrats

Aristocrat: the true, a "lucky stroke of Nature's dice," 5, 13, 24, 250; an ugly or repulsive, a contradiction in terms, 13; dependent on the industry of the people, 18; undignified and dangerous for him to act like a mere plutocrat, 18; meditation his duty, 18; can build a permanent creation on a people of good character, 23; the producer by his rule, of Beauty, Art, Will and Conscience, 27; his sanctification of the menial office, 29; the duty of the, to guide and protect, 35; Cecil, Strafford and Shaftesbury types of the true, 240; the first pre-requisite to a beneficent aristocrat's rule the sympathetic response of the people, 265; produced by design, 295; the nation destitute of aristocrats perishes, 295; a work of human art, 296; civilisation the work of inborn aristocrats, 299; the true, the highest bloom of a nation's virtue, beauty and will, 329; the beauty of the true, 333; aristocrats should discipline themselves, 363, 364, 369; should guard against contact with ill-gotten wealth, 412; aristocrats should seek out their like in a nation, 415; the artist the nearest approach to the, 416, 418; should be constantly seeking men of right ideas, 418; the education of his offspring, 423

Art: Art of life necessary in a community to ensure its permanence, 16; produced by long tradition and dependent on aristocratic rule, 27; Charles I's love of, and the Puritans' hatred of, 181, 182; closely related to social order and permanence, 181; dependent on aristocracy, 248; the aristocrat a product of human, 296

Artist: a chip of flourishing life, 4; definition of, 4 note; their rarity, 6; artist legislator accomplishes the essential task of general legislation, 17; the minor; dependent on artist-legislator, 27, 28, 248; the menial converted into a minion only by the, 61; the nearest approach to the aristocrat, 416, 418

Australia: English criminals deported to, 54; their descendants probably exceptionally spirited people, 54

Beauty: dependent on the dictates of flourishing life, 5; essential to the superior man, 11, 12; of the first Incas of Peru, 11 note; produced by tradition, 12, 13; the creation of order lasting over generations, 13; Herbert Spencer on, 13; democratic errors concerning, 13; of spirit and beauty of

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    body inseparable, 13, 333, 334; reared only by long tradition and careful discipline and dependent on aristocratic rule, 27; desires stability and permanence, 28; hostile to mechanical science and capitalistic industry, 131; Charles I's love of, 133; of Charles I and Strafford, 145; an impediment to chastity, 165, 201; banned by modern commerical conditions, 173, 174, 176 (see also Reynolds's Newspaper), Puritanical hatred of, 181, 200, 201; a stimulant to sex instinct, 201; modern, merely a remnant of the past, 252,; decline of, 273; definition of, 317; extinction of under democracy, 320, 387; of the true aristocrat, 333; preserved by "assortive mating," 384; reared by tradition, 401

Beer: its inferiority to old English ale, 209 note, 216, 217; the "natural drynke for a Dutch-Man," 215

Bentham, Jeremy: on the cant of liberty, 159; his exploded illusion that majorities can secure their own happiness, 359

Birmingham: noted for its ironworks and its Puritanism, 183

Body: of the artist a digest of flourishing life, 4; Jews' laws concerning body of their priests, 12 note; Arabs on the message of the, 12 note; beauty of the body and the spirit inseparable, 13, 333, 334; Puritan contempt for, 95; neglect of the bodies of the masses in England, 94, 95; Christian undervaluation of, 94, 95, 196–198; belief of all great peoples in the message of the, 145; Charles I's belief in the message of the, 147; of the Englishman altered by the Puritans, 205; strictness of Jewish law regarding bodily fitness in their priesthood, 344

Bolingbroke: on the joy of the real patriot, 1; on the obligations of rank and talent, 7; on Divine Right, 10; on the mission of the Few, 19 note, 26, 27; on parliamentary slavery, 31; on the Patriot King, 77; on the prosperity of a nation depending upon being united and not divided, 82; on some great catastrophe being necessary for the salvation of a decadent nation, 261 note.

Borgia, Cæsar: the enemy of tyranny, 106; fought greed and opulence for the sake of the people, 107

Brahmans: a hereditary caste, 330; their pride of caste, 334–336; their laws concerning the preservation of the aristocrat, 335; their marriage laws, 336; their social laws, 337; their rules regarding cross-breeding, 338; the severity of their laws, 366; their self-discipline, 366; their belief in the value of tradition, 398

Bright, John: his opposition to factory legislation, 56; his support of the extended franchise, 56, 360

Brougham, Lord: took part in abolishing negro slave trade while opposed to factory legislation, 56

Burden, the principle of respect for the: 19; Englishmen's neglect of, 20, 21; Chinese adherence to, 20, 21; the English

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    aristocrat's forgetfulness of, 78; adherence of Charles I and his government to, 105

Byron: his speech in support of the lower classes and against machinery, 70; his alarm at innovations, 263

Calvin: taught that dancing was a crime equal to adultery, 175; a Puritan because he was a miserable invalid, 178, 179; his condemnation of "Merrie England," 178; his religion infallibly associated with commerce and trade, 183; an example of life at its worst, 245

Capital: bodiless abstract conception of, 44; obedience on part of labour implies protection on part of, 47; protection on the part of, bloodless and charitable, 48; decline of sense of responsibility on the part of, 48

Capitalism: its grinding down of the workers, 35; greed of modern, 39; checked under the Tudors and Stuarts, 39; cruelty of modern, began on the land, 40; the English aristocrat's failure to face the question of, 45; commoners' attempts to limit, usually an attack on property, 46; its cry of laissez-faire, 46; lack of warm human relationships in modern, 48; contrary to the dictates of flourishing life, 48; its evils due to lack of control, 49; introduction of, due to deliberate act of taste, 49; machinery inseparably associated with, 50 note, 133; hostility of Tudors and Stuarts to, 134, 135; Puritanism the religion of, 173; foolishness of attack on capitalism in itself, 239

Capitalists: raised to the peerage, 37; Trades Unions formed against exploitation of, 46; Tudor and Stuart suspicion of, 48 note; enthusiasm of Manchester School for, 48 note; responsible for evils arising from enormous alien population in England, 91 and note; Tudor and Stuart attitude towards, 135; upstart, in the House of Lords, 404

Carlyle: his stupid and vulgar estimate of Charles I, 107; his foolish concern about a defunct aristocracy while British aristocracy was most in need of criticism, 108; as a eunuch naturally on the side of the Puritans, 108

Catholic Church: pagan elements in, 195; members of the, some of the greatest specimens of flourishing life in the Middle Ages, 257; the causes of its decline not to be found in lack of tasteful men, 257 note; discipline of priesthood of, 366

Cavaliers: the martyrs of taste, 101

Change: a sign of ugliness, 28; the English aristocrat's failure to weigh and judge changes, 45; fight of Tudors and Stuarts against first signs of, 171

Character: importance of the people's, 24; Disraeli on the importance of the national, 24, 97; of the English people neglected by their rulers, 37, 67, 90, 97; inbred people have, 318; destroyed by cross-breeding, 320, 322, 325, 327; extinction of, under democracy, 320; fixed by inbreeding, 322; Lecky on national, 372 note; built up

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    by assortive mating, 383, 384; produced by inbreeding and disintegrated by persistent cross-breeding, 385, 386

Charity: no cure for social evils but dictated by uneasy consciences, 84; futility of, 92; the conscience salve for modern misery, 231

Charles I: on the people's liberties, 8 note; preferred to die rather than relinquish Divine Right, 33; his beneficent control of capital, 46; his interference with trade for the benefit of the consumer, 50, 136, 138 note; the sentimental view of, 103; the schoolboy view of, 104; the champion of the cause of flourishing life, 105, 138; his opponents, 105, 106; natural that he should be reviled in the present age of vulgarity, 107; unfortunate in his predecessors and contemporaries, 108; no respecter of persons, 110; his popularity with the non commercial and poorer classes, 112, 160, 161 note; his hatred of religious controversy, 113; his impartiality in quelling religious disturbances, 114; his enforcement of laws against Catholics, 114; his support of the Church of England, 115, 116 note; refused to fill Parliament with his friends, 118; his strict administration of justice, 119, 128, 129; his proclamation to the gentry to remain on their estates, 120; light taxation under his personal rule, 120; his taxation chiefly on the trading and wealthy classes, 121; his readiness to spend his private money in the public service, 122; his reasons for ruling without Parliament, 125, 126; his patriarchial policy, 127, 138; his restoration of Church lands, 128, 138; his appointment of Commissions to inquire into various abuses, 129; his repeal of the Puritanical Sunday observance laws, 129, 130, 201; his opposition to besotting machinery, 132, 133, 134; his proclamation against the annoyance of smoke, 132; his care for quality, 133, 136, 137; his love of beauty, 133, 138; prevents rise in price of corn after a bad harvest, 135, 136; his proclamation against the avarice of victuallers, 136; his admirable character, 139 note; his wise choice of advisers, 140; his beauty, 145; his pleading on behalf of Strafford, 153; his willingness to die with Strafford, 154; benevolence of his personal rule, 156; the people on his side in the Grand Rebellion, 160, 161; the martyr of the people, 164; his love of art and beauty, 181; his refusal to establish Puritanism, 188; his dislike of tobacco, 226 note; a man of taste, 253; insignificant amount of peculation under, 281; the social instinct strongest in, 312; a second son, 363, 376; the inferiority of his wife, 382; number of peers created, 403; his fastidious taste, 416

Chela: the child as the, 423

Child: its relationship to its mother, 264; the child as the chela, 423

Children: bearing of, sanctified by the superiority of the man, 29; in mines and factories, 52–

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    57; Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to, founded sixty years after the Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals, 53 note; harnessed to trucks in mines, at a time when harnessing of dogs to carts was abolished, 53 note; appalling condition of, in factories and mines, 54 note; refusal of Irish to allow them to be employed underground, 55; ale a drink for, 210; John Locke on the best food and drink for, 210 note; cruelty to, 235; used as bucklers by Cromwell's soldiers, 235 note; dogs of more account than, 272 note

China: Government in, always by consent of the people, 14; social grades in, dependent on guidance of Manchu aristocracy, 16, 17; respect for the burden bearer in, 20, 21; execution of six Englishmen in, 20; English missionaries sent to, 53 note, 95; its knowledge of the laws of flourishing life, 53 note; care of the body in, 95; rules for qualities requisite for wet nurse in, 95; permanence of its culture, 254; its aristocratic culture, 257; reverence for ancestors in, 258; consent of the people to their ruler's rule in, 265; popular rebellion in China merely a change of rulers, 268; slow change in, 269; the Chinese mandarinate a repository of taste, 269; the idea of the gentleman a very definite thing in, 274; dislike of the foreigner in, 301; education in, 421, 422

Christianity: its contempt for the body and glorification of the soul, 94, 95; the decay of Christian culture, 99; a negative creed, 195–198

Christmas: suppressed by the Puritans, 192, 193

Church: its levelling tendency, 25; robbed from European rulers the tutorship of governing, 25, 26; controlled by Venetian aristocracy, 25; its failure to see that fluid population means lax morality, 72; Cromwell a possessor of Church lands, in; Church lands, robbed by Lords and landowners, restored under Charles I, 128, 138; abuses against Church property punished by Laud, 141; Strafford's restoration of Church lands, 148. See also Catholic Church

Cobbett: his opposition to machinery, 36 note; his indictment of the English country gentleman and landowner, 61; his belief in aristocracy, 61; on the misery of the agriculturalist, 63; on factory slaves, 67 note; his disapproval of people travelling, 72 note; on the stages of national degradation, 103; his loathing of the Quakers, 136; on the cowardice of Strafford's friends, 152 note; his hostility to tea and coffee, 224; his dislike of the middle-man, 228, 229; his lamentation over the death of spirit in England, 231; on wealth and property, 239; his alarm at innovations, 263

Cockney: sterile in three generations, 65

Coffee: one of the deleterious substitutes for old English ale, 219–226; "Coffee and Com-

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    monwealth came in together," 219 note; popular petition against, 223; Women's Petition against, 225; forbidden in the Koran, 256 note

Colbert: the people's ingratitude for his championship, 106; fought greed and opulence for the sake of the people, 107

Commerce: instability of a state founded upon, 23

Commercialism: 41, 45; the advisability of, not questioned by English rulers, 46

Competition, unrestricted: its grinding down of the workers, 35; Trades Unions formed against influence of, 46; definition of, 83; reduces everything to a struggle for existence, 280; introduces elements of inter-herd morality into the herd, 288

Confucianism: the way of the superior man, 5 note, 6

Confucius: on caring for the heart of the people, 16; on respect for the burden, 20; a representative of flourishing life, 20; his doctrine of the superior man, 76; a man of taste, 257; his idea of the gentleman, 274

Consanguinity in marriage. See Marriage and Inbreeding

Conscience: the voice of a man's ancestors, 11, 28, 277; reared only by long tradition and careful discipline and dependent on aristocratic rule, 27; the sick, of the upper classes, 83; charity, the flower of an uneasy, 84; charity a conscience salve, 231; definition of, 276, 277

Constantine the Great: mixed marriages proscribed by, 307, 319; knew that all crossing is not bad, 326

Corn: the repeal of the Corn Laws defeat of agriculture, 63; Charles I's prevention of rise in price of, 135, 136

Cousins: marriage of, regarded as the natural thing in modern Egypt, 332 note. See also Darwin, George, on cousin marriages

Craft of governing. See Governing

Criminals: produced by vile conditions of labour, 54; their descendants in Australia probably people of spirit, 54

Cromwell: his cruelty, 54; the leader of a race of unscrupulous capitalistic oppressors, 101; his Puritanism a conscientious justification for being in possession of Church lands, 111; accused Laud of "flat Popery," 116; acknowledged that England could be properly governed only by a single ruler, 127, 128 note; his hypocrisy, 171; his ugliness, 176, 334; a brewer, 184; the diet provided by his wife, 226, 227; his unseemly behaviour when signing Charles I's death-warrant, 232; a man utterly devoid of taste, 233; responsible for enslaving his fellow-countrymen, 233; his atrocities against the Irish, 234, 235

Cross-Breeding: destructive of instinct, 298, 299, 302, 304, 347; destructive of race, 302, 320–323; Theognis on the danger of, 304, 305, 306; fall of Greece and Rome due to, 308; breaks the will, 310, 318, 320; productive of degeneration, 319; destructive of virtue, 319, 320,

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    347; 349; productive of fertility, 321; undermines character, 322, 325, 327; occasional necessity for judicious, 323–326; fatality of tasteless and indiscriminate, 326; with allied races productive of good results, 326; under democracy never salutary, 349; causes disintegration of will and character, 385; leads to reversion to a low type, 388

Culture: the building up of, one of the duties of ruling, 98, makes a people, 98; the character of modern, 98, 99; decay of Christian, 99; present day, one of doubt, 99; intellectual, denied to the parvenu, 100; dependent on aristocracy, 248; produced by inbreeding, 299; rapid culture of certain endogamic peoples, 347; transmission of acquired characteristics important to, 395, 397; based on traditional occupations, 399; definition of, 429

Darwin, Charles: his doctrine of the survival of the fittest, once a conscience salve, refuted, 83; on the incapacity of the Fuegians for civilisation, 297; a fourth child, 376; on primogeniture being opposed to selection, 377 note; his experiments on pigeons, 388; his belief in the transmission of acquired characteristics, 392, 397

Darwin, George: on cousin marriages not being fraught with evil results, 385 and note

Decadence: due to the dictates of mediocrity, 6, 7; a state in which the precepts of flourishing life have been forgotten and the true aristocrat dethroned, 23; due to prevalence of bad taste, 24; democratic revolt and cynical hedonism the fruits of, 73; soon too late to arrest, in Europe, 96; its prevalence in modern times 384, 385; consanguineous marriages as a cause of, only a modern idea, 385

Decline: of nations not a necessity, 254; of British Empire preventable, 255; of nations due to disobedience to the voice of flourishing life, 258

Degeneracy. See Decadence

Democracy: dangerous errors under, concerning the importance of the body, 13; unfruitfulness of democratic revolt, 73; political amateurism, 88; demands the existence of the amateur in politics, 89; misery the chief propelling power of, in England, 237, 358; the meaning of, 248–253; must mean death, 249 253; political corruption under, 249 note; discards Taste, 250, 251; calls upon the people to weigh principles and policies, 264; in an absolute, the people really govern, 265; calls upon the people to judge on matters of taste, 266; salutary revolution impossible under, 267; neglect of loftier interests of art and science under, 273 note; of uncontrolled trade unfavourable to the production of the gentleman, 282; foreign affairs under, 282; imposes the practice of two moralities on the private citizen, 288; therefore democracy immoral, 288; difficulty of foreign policy under, 291 note; the materialistic doctrine

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    of majority omnipotent under, 292, 293; destructive of will and character and productive of ugliness, 320, 387; increase of vanity under, 320 note; injudicious cross-breeding characteristic of, 325; prejudice of, against close consanguineous marriages, 331; cross-breeding under, simply chaos, 349; undermines conscientious labour, 353; mere wealth as a standard leads to, 365; hostile to heredity, 378; opposed to assortive mating, 384, 387; prejudice against one's like under, 386; dead level established by, 387

Democrat: a rank blasphemer, 5; Nemesis threatens all societies victimised by the, 49; his mistaken estimate of the people, 74; English Lords democrats at heart, 97; his attack on aristocracy superficial, 239; attitude of various types of, towards private and public morality, 289–291; prefers to ascribe superiority to accident, 379; his dislike of marrying his like the self-preservative instinct of the sick man, 368, 389

Depopulation of country districts: 42; grave consequences of, 58; F. E. Green's warning against the results of, 64; Charles I opposed to, 119; commission appointed by Charles I to inquire into, 129

Deportation. See Transportation.

Determinism: 314–315; from within, 314; from without, 315

Discipline: necessary for producing example of flourishing life, 362; English aristocracy's lack of internal, 362, 363, 364, 368; among the Brahmans, 366; in the Catholic Church, 366; among the Venetian aristocracy, 367; among the Egyptian priesthood, 368

Disease: its prevalence in modern times, 3, 47, 385; modern acquiescence in, 96; spread by modern commercial culture, 98; a breeder of Puritanism, 178, 181, regarded as unclean in the Old Testament, 199, 337; and by the Brahmans, 337; when present multiplied by inbreeding, 385

Disraeli: on revolutions not being due to economic causes, 10 note; on national character, 24; on the decline of public virtue being due to class hostility, 82 note; on the true greatness of man, 90; on the degeneration of the subject into a serf, 102; on the duty of power to secure the social welfare of the people, 102; on the modern Utopia of Wealth and Toil, 355 note; his appeal to the Youth of the Nation, 432

Dissenters: their hatred of life, 55; their impudent effrontery, 112; their impudent assumption of omniscience, 142; the Scriptural warrant for their negative creed, 195; their brutality, 234

Divine Right: to rule when the craft and tutorship of governing are both fulfilled by the ruler, 10; to govern ill an absurdity, 10, 14; disbelief of English peerage in their own, 33

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Dogs: harnessing of, to carts abolished at a time when children were harnessed to trucks in mines, 53 note; of more account than children, 272 note

Domestic Servants: the last to revolt, 81; their hostility to the Insurance Act, 81

Drink: Puritan attack on, 206; ale the national drink of England in the Middle Ages, 207; ale, the true temperance drink of the working classes, 211; the laws of the Puritans concerning, 213

Economists: bloodless and inhuman concepts of modern, 44; their lack of taste, 47; laissez-faire economists responsible for cruel exploitation of women and children, 52; their materialistic solution of social problems, 66; their failure to "place" the machine, 67

Education: caring for the heart of the people the highest, 16; in England and its inadequacy, 92–94; true education in China, 95; true, begins with the care of the suckling's body, 95; a powerful weapon of selection in the hands of an aristocracy, 420–422; in China, 422; the young aristocrat's, 422, 423; Kant on, 423, 424

Egoism: obedience to taste the soundest form of, 248. See also Selfishness

Egyptians: pious fraud practised on the, by their priesthood, 170; their ale, 207, 208, 210; their view of wealth, 238 note; the permanence of their culture, 254; their aristocratic culture, 257; their priesthood the repository of Taste, 269; their contempt for the foreigner, 300, 301; a chosen people, 300; their doctrine of Eternal Recurrence, 317; their understanding of the psychology of doubt, 318 note; their inbreeding, 322; under the Shepherd Kings, 325; their occasional use of judicious cross-breeding, 325; their priesthood hereditary, 330; their close consanguineous marriages, 331, 332; occasional inter-caste marriages among the, 333; the self-discipline of their aristocracy, 368; their belief in the value of tradition, 398; their system of education, 422

Elizabeth, Queen: her beneficent control of capital, 46; her prohibition of time and labour-saving engines, 50; the growth of the problem of poverty in her reign, 109; her hatred of the Puritans, 113; her opposition to machinery, 131; her drinking of ale, 210; number of peers under, 403

Empire, British: its value, 254; possibility of saving it from decline, 255

England: her belief in experience, 36; her boast of humanitarian principles, 55; the leader in the commercial, industrial and mechanical world, 55; transformed from an agricultural into an industrial nation, 57; the land of amateurism, 87; her doctrine of amateurism corrupting the whole world, 89; her possession of a caste who might have proved good rulers, 89, 100;

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    modern England's idea of greatness-trade returns, 167–169; but little spirit left in, 231; cruelties in, 235; her possession of men of taste, 255, 256; her fall inevitable with the passing of the gentleman, 281; lunacy increasing in, 385

"England, Merrie": transformation of, into a slum, 49; Calvin's condemnation of, 178; doom of, compassed by the Puritans, 183, 204; festivals of, 210

English Aristocrats: their neglect of the principle "respect the burden," 20, 37, 78; deprived of power by the Parliament Act, 33; could not have felt that they ruled by Divine Right, 33; their neglect of the character and spirit of the nation, 37, 97; behaved like mere plutocrats, 37; their failure to check capitalism, 39; deterioration of the, 40; direct crimes on the part of, not discussed, 40; their sins, not essential to aristocratic régime, 41; their failure to weigh and judge changes before they were introduced, 45; their failure to face the question of capitalism and industrialism, 45, 46; their failure to protect the masses, 46; their lack of taste, 47, 49, 416, 417; their failure to examine the desirability of new occupations, 51; their failure to ask what effect the working of women and children in mines and factories would have, 52; their lazy indifference to cruel exploitation of women and children, 52; their failure to calculate desirability of new urban type, 57; their greed, 59; their responsibility for the evils of to-day, 60; their failure to re-establish agriculture, 64; their failure to "place" the machine, 65, 66; their failure to foresee that a fluid population means lax morality, 71, 72; their consideration of their own interests only, 74; their failure in the tutorship of governing, 77 onwards; their opportunities for being good rulers, 89; their failure to preserve the people's character, 90; their failure to mitigate the evils of the factory system, 90, 91; their failure to look after the moral welfare of the masses, 91; the inadequacy of their education of the masses, 92–94; their neglect of the bodies of the people, 94; their failure to give anything in return for their privileges, 97; possessed all the essentials for providing the rule of the best, 100; should have disciplined themselves and refreshed their stock with care, 100; majority of, joined Charles reluctantly merely from desire of self-preservation, 158; the practical rulers of England since 1688, 356; therefore responsible for the evils of bad government, 357; their foolish reliance on chance, 362; a class selected at random, 362, 370; their lack of internal discipline, 362, 363, 364, 368, 369; their growing disbelief in heredity, 402 note; misrule of, not due to evil results of inbreeding, 403

Englishmen: their bad treatment of the burden bearer,

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    20; in China, 20; hands of, red with the blood of the burden bearer, 21; their natural unconcern, 52; their belief in trade figures as a sign of national prosperity, 166–169; depressed and made ugly by the Puritans, 188; and made miserable by them, 189; their bodies altered by the Puritans, 205; essentials of real rulership misunderstood by average, 267

Eternal Recurrence: Egyptian belief in, 317; a belief held by those positive to this world, 317

Eugenics: 86, 198, 331, 337, 345

European Aristocracies: causes of their downfall, 21, 25; the badness of, 239; their reliance on chance, 362

Europe: decadence of, due to neglect of precepts of flourishing life, 23

Excises: the invention of the Puritans, 229 note

Experience: English belief in, 36; muddle and confusion sanctified by the doctrine of, 68; mere travelling regarded as good from the standpoint of, 72; bad for the man without backbone, 72

Factories: rise of, 43; women and children in, 53, 54, 55, 90; evils of, in India, 55; ill-treatment of children in, 56; the first Factory Act, 56; John Bright, Gladstone, Cobden, Lord Bougham and Sir James Graham opposed to factory legislation, 56; Cobbett on factory slaves, 67 note; failure of English aristocrats to mitigate the evils of the factory system, 90, 91; evil effects on the physique of the girls employed in, 95; their difficult confinements, 95; health, beauty and high spirits unnecessary to factory life, 174; cruelty in, 235

Fair: the old, its value, 229; abolished by the shop, 229, 230

Families: large, recommended, 374–377

Farming Classes. See Agriculture

Fittest, survival of the: not the survival of the most desirable, 83, 84

Flourishing Life, 3; the representatives of, 4, 6, 11; the voice of, necessary for the maintenance of health and beauty, 5; the aristocrat a digest of, 13; not bred by struggle, 17; Napoleon and Confucius representatives of, 20; respect of the burden a law of, 20; character of the people approximated to type dictated by, 23; the divine missionaries of, 27; necessary for stability and permanence, 28; measured by economists in terms of pecuniary profit, 44; modern capitalism contrary to the dictates of, 48; knowledge of the laws of, in China, 53 note; the cockney not produced by the dictates of, 65; voice of, no more alive among the masses than among the leisured classes, 73; silent in England for the last 150 years, 79; Charles I a champion of the cause of, 105; but few the representatives of, 244; some representatives of, 245; Taste the voice of, 246–

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    256; the Brahmans, Jews and Mahommedans reared on the dictates of, 256, 257; members of the Catholic Church some of the greatest specimens of, in the Middle Ages, 257; fall of ancient nations due to disobedience to the voice of, 258; claims of, asserted by its representatives themselves, 259; sympathetic atmosphere and transvaluation of values necessary for its advent, 260, 261; specimens of, attract their like, 260; not necessary for the people to understand or judge examples of, 264; the test of the absolute in all doctrine, 292 note; definition of, 295; examples of, always placed at the top of the social ladder by tasteful peoples, 328; discipline and leisure necessary for producing examples of, 362; produced by inbreeding, 385

Food: adulteration of, 220; staleness of, through employment of middlemen and shopkeepers, 228

Foreign Affairs: deleterious effect of meddling in, on the masses in a democracy, 282; different methods required in the handling of, if the United Kingdom is to recover her influence in the world, 291 note

Fornication, so-called: the Laws of the Puritans concerning, 204

Frederick the Great: his opposition to Machiavelli, 283, 284

Garnier: on the misery of the peasant, 62; on the fine spirit of the peasant, 62

Genius: production of, not to be ascribed to chance, 361; Lombroso's The Man of Genius, a masterpiece of democratic insolence, 379 note

Gentleman: the English, capable of rearing only menials and not minions, 61; Cobbett's indictment of the English country gentleman, 61; F. E. Green's indictment of the English gentleman, 64, 65; the passing of the, 273, 280, 381; his value, 274, 275; the gentleman in China and the ancient world, 274; reared by tradition, 276; his most typical virtues, 277, 278; the environment necessary for the production of the, 278; the deterioration of the title, 280 note; not produced under democracy of uncontrolled trade, 282; sometimes capable of practising two moralities, 287; Japanese gentleman capable of doing so, 287 note

George, Lloyd: his bitterness and eloquence would have been unavailing in a country governed by good rulers, 34; hostility of domestic servants to his Insurance Act, 81

George III: large sums spent in corruption by, 118; creation of peers under, 403 note

Girls. See Women

Gobineau: on the inequality of the human race, 297, 298; on the decline of great nations being due to their mixing their blood, 308, 309 note; on the stability of the pure race, 320 note; on the value of consanguineous marriages among the ancients, 331 note; wrong in thinking that all cross-

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    breeding leads to degeneration, 348

God of Love: His attitude to the ugly, the sick and the botched, 345

Governing: the craft of, 6, 15, 21, 22; and Divine Right, 10; taken for granted, 18, 26, 37; neglected by the English aristocracy, 37, 77, 78; the tutorship of, 6, 15, 21, 22; and Divine Right, 10; never taken for granted, 18; robbed by the Church from European rulers, 25; responsibility of, scouted by English aristocracy, 37, 77 onwards; involves the building up of Culture, 98

Governing Classes, English. See English Aristocrats

Government: always by consent of the people, 14, 263–265

Greeks: their love of race and nationality, 26; in their best period hostile to the foreigner, 302, 303, 310; their decline due to cross-breeding, 308

Green, F. E.: his indictment of the landowner, 64; his proof that agriculture is a sweated industry in England, 64; on the danger of England losing her peasantry, 64; his indictment of the English gentleman, 64, 65; gives instances of Puritanical attitude towards "immorality," 203 note; on making dogs of more account than children, 272 note

Guilds: the confiscation of their lands and funds, 109

Happiness: higher taste in, of the ruler-aristocrat, 19; Bentham's exploded illusion that majorities can secure their own, 359; modern idea of marriage as a road to, 424, 425

Hedonism: the refuge of the prosperous, 72; unfruitfulness of plutocracy's, 73; the obverse of the medal of democratic revolt, 73; uncontrolled, due to prevalence of voice of impoverished life, 79; paramount to-day, 104; hedonistic view of marriage, 424

Henry IV of France: influence of his bad marriage, 381, 382

Henry VIII: his creation of upstart landowners, 59 note, 108, 161 note; growth of indigence and consequent thieving in his reign, 109; his dislike of hops, 215; number of peers under, 403

Hereditary Rulers, English. See English Aristocrats

Heredity: the hereditary principle an essential condition of aristocracy, 1; supposed failures of the hereditary principle, 1; all ancient aristocracies hereditary, 330; discussion of, 370 onwards; large families necessary for adequate working of, 374, 375, 376, 377; Thomson on the importance of, 378; democratic dislike of, 378, 379; the importance of choosing a proper mate, 380, 381, 382, 383; transmission of acquired characteristics, 389–401; value of tradition in, 397; in the House of Lords, 401

Hobbes: on the "disease of the commonwealth," 7; on obedience, 9; on disobedience, 9 note; on government being dependent on the power of rulers to protect, 10 note; on

- p. 447 -
    the possible longevity of well-ordered states, 16 note; on thraldom depending on benefits received, 25

Hops: the deleteriousness of, 214–218; petition against, 215; a soporific and an anaphrodisiac, 217; retard digestion, 218; an ingredient introduced in ale to make it keep for sake of shopkeepers, 228 note

Huguenots: their reasons for opposing Machiavelli, 283

Ill-health. See Disease

Inbreeding: productive of culture, 299; ancient wisdom in regard to, 301; productive of character, 318; and sterility, 321; can last a long while without evil results, 322; fixes character, 322; in Egypt, 322; in Sparta, 323; preserves virtue, 329; the Jews and, 342; Jewish checks against ill effects of, 346; productive of character and flourishing life, 385; multiplies disease and also multiplies healthy and good qualities, 385, 386 note; not in itself a cause of degeneracy, 386; failure of the House of Lords not due to, 403, 405, 406

Incas of Peru: their bloodless victories owing to superiority, 8; their refusal to rule a , bestial people, 9; their beauty, 11 note, 333; permanence of their culture, 254; their aristocratic culture, 257; cause of the downfall of their culture, 259; a hereditary caste, 330; brother and sister marriages among, 331; their belief in the value of tradition, 398

Incest: modern prejudice against, 331; Moses and Aaron the children of, 342

Industrialism: never guided by the English ruler, 36; rise of, 41, 42, 45; advisability of, not questioned by English rulers, 46

Instinct: definition of, 296; in the production of civilisation, 297; destroyed by cross-breeding, 298, 299, 302, 304, 347; race a matter of, 302; store set by great nations of antiquity on, 309; its importance in the life of a nation, 309, 310; the relation of will to, 311–3151 relation of virtues to, 315; preserved by assortive mating, 384; destroyed by democracy, 387

Irish: their humanity, 55; Strafford's good rule of the, 148, 149; Puritan brutality to, 232; sent into slavery by Cromwell, 233, 235, Cromwell's atrocities against the, 234

Jacob: the father of Levi, 338; his interference with the law of primogeniture, 340 note, 364; his own priest, 341; his taste in men, 377; the patriarch Jacob the best judge of what constitutes the man who knows, 414

James I: his regard for quality, 50; his opposition to the interference of Tom, Dick and Harry in State affairs, 88 note; his Book of Sports, 130; his opposition to machinery, 132; his proclamation against the clothiers, 135; his dislike of tobacco, 225 note; number of peers created by, 403

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Japan: Japanese gentleman capable of practising two moralities, 287 note; aristocracy in, 365, 366

Jesuits: their reasons for opposing Machiavelli, 283, 289

Jews: on beauty of body in their priesthood, 12 note; a chosen people, 300, 301; their contempt for the alien, 301, 302, 310; the hereditary character of their priesthood, 330, 339; the rise of their aristocracy traced to a single family, 338; their self-appointed aristocracy, 340; their doctrine of the firstborn, 341, 342, 346; the institution of the Levites as an aristocracy, 339, 342; their aristocracy a select inbreeding caste, 342, 343; strict laws regarding the bodily fitness of their priests, 344; occasional inter-tribe marriages allowed for Levites, 343, 345, 346

Johnson, Samuel: his rebuke of Lord Chesterfield, 418, 419

Kant: conceived of education as a matter of discipline and will development, 423, 424

Koran: forbids coffee to the faithful, 256 note

Labour: bodiless abstract concept of, 44; obedience on the part of, implies protection on the part of capital, 47; obedience on the part of, sullen and forced, 48; decline of sense of responsibility on the part of, 48; indirect tax on, first introduced by the Puritans, 214

Laissez-faire: the cruel and lazy principle of, tolerated, 44; capitalistic cry of, 46; laissez-faire economists responsible for the cruel exploitation of women and children, 52; definition of, 83; behest of, obeyed by the Tories, 102; defeat of Charles I an important step in the direction of, 163; labouring proletariat mercilessly exploited under the system of, 175; Puritanism the religion required by the economic school of, 188; introduced by the Puritans, 216, 227 note; wealth and property uncontrolled by, 239

Landowners: their obligations, 38; their duties in feudal times, 38; their rights qualified in feudal times, 39; the irresponsibility of urban landowners, 39; Kett's demands concerning, 42 note; lust of appropriation on the part of, 43; British landowners responsible for depopulation of country districts, 58; Cobbett's indictment of, 61; F. E. Green's indictment of, 64; upstart landowners introduced by Henry VIII, 59 note, 108

Laud: no respecter of persons, 110, 141, 143; his impartiality in quelling religious disturbances, 114; accused of Papist leanings by the Puritans, 116; his readiness to spend his private money in the public service, 122; his uprightness, 141; his punishment of abuses against Church property, 141; his struggle against anarchy in religion, 142; his fairness, 143; brutal treatment by the Puritans, 144; his will, 144

Lawyers: F. E. Green on their cringing cowardice, 64, 65; Strafford foresaw that the rule of Parliament meant rule of

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    the landowner and lawyer at expense of the poor, 117; in Parliament, 355; not fit to govern, 408; Strafford's suspicion of, 408; list of some, in the House of Lords, 409, 410

Levi, the tribe of: their origin, 338, 339; the self-appointed aristocracy of the Jews, 339, 340; inbreeding practised by, 343; strict laws regarding bodily fitness of, 344

Liberals: even they believe in government by the few, 14; essentially a capitalistic party opposed to the true interests of the people, 101

Liberty: the King's prerogative to defend the people's liberties, 8 note; the so-called English love of, not responsible for the evils of the present day, 60; the cry of capitalistic and unscrupulous oppressors, 101; the specious cry of, raised by Charles I's opponents, 105, 106, 112, ,138, 156; the Puritans thirsted for "liberty" to oppress the people, 127; definition of the true liberty of the working man, 159; appalling misery so-called liberty conferred on the masses, 159; Jeremy Bentham on the cant of, 159; cry of, mere cant, 160; the masses lured over to the Puritans by cries of, 267 note; equality opposed to true, 355

Life: summed up in the two words select and reject, 240

Locke, John: on the best food and drink for children, 210 note

Lords, House of: deprived of much power, 31, 32; deserved their fate in 1911, 102; majority of the, joined Charles I reluctantly, 158; contains many elements of sound aristocratic power, 354; criticism of, 354–420 passim; its lack of self-discipline, 362, 363, 364, 369; the hereditary principle in, 401; not really a hereditary chamber, 403; Pitt's creations disastrous to the character of the, 404; inbreeding not the cause of the failure of, 403, 405, 406; selective principle more active than the hereditary principle in the, 406, 407, 408; ignoble character of the, 407; list of lawyers in the, 409, 410; list of business men in the, 412, 413; not self selective, 414, 415

Luddites: their movement discussed in relation to machinery, 69; execution of sixteen, for machine breaking, 70; their hostility to machinery, 131 note

Lunacy: increasing in England, 385

Luther: his doctrine of the omnipotence of the individual conscience, 88; his ugliness, 334; his son a proof of heredity, 375 note

Macaulay: his stupid estimate of Strafford, 123; his idea of a gentleman, 280 note; his muddle-headedness, 284

Machiavelli: on the liberty of the Church, 25; on conspiracies being of little account under a good ruler, 34 note; on the Prince being the inspirer of good counsels, 139, 140; on political and private morality being different, 282; on the necessity for a Prince to

- p. 450 -
    appear to have good qualities, 282 note; his opponents, among others the Jesuits, the Huguenots, Frederick the Great and Metternich, 283; his supporters, among others Charles V, Henry III and Henry IV of France, Bacon, Richelieu and Napoleon, 285; advises princes to patronise ability and those proficient in art, 418

Machinery: its degrading effects foreseen by few in England, 36; capital punishment for destruction of, 44, 69; introduced without hesitation, 45; its evils due to lack of control, 49; its introduction a definite act of taste, 49; inseparable from capitalism, 50 note, 133; never "placed" by the English aristocrat, 65, 67; viewed with suspicion by the Tudors and Stuarts, 68 note; Samuel Butler on machinery as a slave-driver, 69 note; rebellion of the workmen against, 69; execution of sixteen Luddites for breaking, 70; poor quality of work done by, 70; Lord Byron's speech against, 70; Charles I's suspicion of, 132, 133, 138; where to draw the line in the evolution of, 134

Maeterlinck: a Puritan owing to lack of culture, 180

Mahommed: a specimen of flourishing life, 257

Manchu aristocracy: their rule in China, 16, 17

Marriage: Theognis on mixed marriages as a source of degeneracy, 306; Alexander the Great's foolish encouragement of mixed, 306; mixed marriages proscribed by early Romans, 307; and by Constantine the Great, 307, 319; mésalliances condemned by Manu, 319; consanguineous marriages multiply chances of handing on both good and evil qualities, 331; Henry IV of France, his bad, 381, 382; consanguineous marriages a cause of degeneracy, only a modern idea, 385; modern view of, as a road to happiness, 424, 425. See Inbreeding and Cross-breeding. — Marriage of cousins. See Cousins and Darwin, George

Masses, the: too deeply engaged in the struggle for existence to rule, 38; forced to defend themselves against exploitation, 47; their innate incapacity to rule well, 73, 74, 75; not impressed by plutocratic solutions of social evils, 85; failure of English aristocracy to see that their literature was good, 91; neglect of their bodies in England, 94, 95; the duty of power to secure the welfare of the people, 102; Charles I's rule considered primarily the welfare of, 119 note; the true attitude of, towards Strafford, 154 note; on the side of Charles I, 159, 161 note; misery of, owing to so-called liberty, 159; dehumanised by besotting labours, 235; not necessary for the, to understand and judge their rulers, 264; the sympathetic response of the people the pre-requisite of aristocratic rule, 265; lured over to the Puritans by cries of "Liberty," 267 note;deleterious effects of meddling in foreign affairs on the, in a democracy,

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    282; demand patrons rather than representatives, 294 note; natural convervatism of, 358

Mate: importance of the choice of a, for great men, 380, 381, 382, 383; like should mate with like, 383, 384; not best when a complement, 386, 387, 388

Mencius; on the beauty of the superior man, 12; concedes right of revolution to badly governed people, 14

Menial: menial office sanctified by the aristocrat, 29; takes an artist to convert a, into a minion, 61; English gentleman's incapacity to do this, 61; does not recoil even from pain if a nobler life gives it a higher purpose, 80; patriarchal spirits know how to make minions of menials, 80; menial office of to-day robbed of all human sanction, 80; menial office a dirty job, 81; menial offices must always be performed, 81

Mill, J. S.: his contention that popular government can be as oppressive as any other, 75; on the importance of imagination, 90 note; on the need of superior guidance for ordinary mankind, 372, 373

Miners: no protection for, before 1842, 51 note

Mines: children in, 52; children harnassed to trucks in, at a time when harnessing of dogs to carts had been abolished, 53 note; cruelty in, 235

Minion. See Menial

Misery: of modern times blacker and more hopeless than any other, 79; unglorified by any grand purpose or grand caste, 80; blacker than any other because of the separation between master and man, 82; of the upper classes due to guilty conscience, 83; not a check on population, 83; spread by modern commercial culture, 98; caused by the dissolution of the monasteries, 108 note; appalling misery conferred on the masses by so-called liberty, 159; the chief propelling power of democracy in England, 237, 358

Missionaries: sent to China while unparalleled abuses existed in England, 53 note, 95

Monasteries: the misery caused by the dissolution of the, 108 note, 109

Morality: lax in a fluid population, 71, 72; much the same in all ranks, according to Herbert Spencer, 76; the first principle of, 99; triumph of the Puritans meant the introduction of a new, 161, 162; pre-requisites for a healthy sexual, 203; relation of public to private, 282–286; inter-herd and intra-herd, 286 291

Moses: a specimen of flourishing life, 257; parentage of, 339; the child of incest, 342; his beauty, 342; a second son, 363 note

Motors: success of, a sign of the vulgarity of the powerful and wealthy, 73; the impudence of the owners of, 271; advent of, only tolerated by a spiritless and wholly subject people, 272; inconsiderateness of motor owners, 272

Mutilation: an absurd test of the law of heredity, 392, 393

Napoleon: his melancholy, 19 note; on respecting the burden, 19, 20, 21 note, 22; a repre-

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    sentative of flourishing life, 20; able warriors attracted to, 260; his support of Machiavelli, 285; the social instinct strongest in, 312; his beauty, 333; a third son, 363 note, 376; would have been comparatively unimportant in ancient Egypt, 372; his unworthy son, 375; his fastidious taste, 416

Negro slave trade: abolished while English industrial slaves were cruelly oppressed, 53; Lord Brougham, the opponent of factory legislation, helped to abolish, 56 note

Nietzsche: the superficial Nietzschean, 99; the Ante-Christ, 234; his transvaluation of values, 262 note; on aristocracy, 299; on reproduction as a sign of a certain impotence of will, 322 note; a first son, 377

Nonconformists. See Dissenters

Obedience: the only way of using superiority, 8; implies protection, 47; to taste the soundest form of egoism, 248

Parliament: the Parliament Act, 31–33, 85, a belated expression of revolt, 39; became practised in hostile tactics against the Crown under James I, 110; rule of, meant rule of landowner and lawyer at the expense of the poor, 117; taxes on food first introduced by a free, 121; opposed to the liberty of the people, 355

Patriarchal: patriarchal family the true image of a free people, 77; patriarchal spirits know how to inspire devotion in their subordinates and make minions of menials, 80; patriarchal spirit in dealing with domestic servants, 81; the Insurance Act, anti-patriarchal, 82; patriarchal relationship destroyed by sixteenth-century innovations, 109; Charles I's patriarchal concern for the welfare of the people, 127; Charles I's patriarchal policy, 127; Charles I's patriarchal government, 138, 158; patriarchal government necessary to preserve health and beauty in a nation, 175; Charles I the most patriarchal of English monarchs, 232

Patriots, so-called. See Puritans

Paul, Saint: the Apostle of anarchy and amateurism, 88

Pauper: characterless nature of the modern, 35; and the cause thereof, 66; increase in the number of able-bodied paupers, 66

Peasantry: their discontent in the Middle Ages, 42, 43; agrarian oppression always the cause of their rising, 59; Gamier on the misery of the, 62; on the fine spirit of the, 62; danger of England losing her, 64

Peers, English: themselves responsible for being stripped of power, 31; the recent creation of the majority of, 37; recruited from capitalists, 38; at heart democrats and plebeians, 97; number created by various monarchs, 403, 404; list of some quite recent creations, 406–407; list of some, connected with law, 409, 410; list of some, connected with trade, 412, 413; their lack of taste, 416–417

- p. 453 -

People: government always by consent of the, 14; their industry the reward of the ruler, 23; the importance of their character, 23; their taste should be founded oh a higher authority, 24; discontent and sickness among the, in England, 35; can never be beneficent rulers, 74, 75, 76; on the side of Charles I, 159, 161 note; Charles I the martyr of the, 164; Parliament opposed to the liberty of the, 355. See Masses

Personality: specious importance of, in modern times, 370, 371, 373

Petrarch: on the ruler being the father of his subjects, 20 note

Pious Fraud: in founding religions, 169–171; the Puritans past masters of, 172

Plutocrats: difference between ruler-aristocrats and, 18; their irresponsibility, 38; supported by half-besotted slaves, 49

Poor, English: starvation of the, 44; their misery, 54 note; feigned indictments brought against, 59; poor relief in the British Isles, 66; the idle poor, article on, 66 note; difficulties of Edward VI and Elizabeth with, 109; Commission appointed by Charles I to inquire into laws for the relief of the poor, 129

Popery: Puritans' specious cry of "No Popery," 112

Population: fluidity of modern, 71, 72

Power: responsibility incumbent upon, 38; derived ultimately from the nation, 38; the duty of, to secure the welfare of the people, 102

Primogeniture: Jacob's interference with the law of, 340 note, 364; Jewish doctrine of, 341, 342, 346; in England, 363; the law of, should be elastic, 364; and heredity, 374; many illustrious men first sons, 377; slight natural bias in favour of, 377; Darwin on, 377 note

Progress: mere change falsely welcomed as, 68; speed regarded as, 71, 72; futility of charitable efforts to mitigate evils of, 92; deceptive title for undesirable innovations, 92; the unscrupulous and irresponsible civilisation of, 105; mechanical innovations regarded as, 132; modern worship of so-called, 263

Proletariat. See Masses

Property: has its duties as well as its rights, 58; may be a divine and beneficent power, 237; divine dignity of, violated in England, 238; Socialist case against abuses of, 238; Cobbett on, 239

Prostitution: unknown under certain conditions, 202, 203; the horrors of, under Puritanical conditions, 204

Protection: must be the reward of allegiance, 10 note; not afforded by English rulers, 47

Protestantism: the religion of amateurism and anarchy, 87, 88 note.

Prynne: his hatred of beauty, 165, 200, 201; his fulminations against alcoholic beverages, 206

Puritans: modern ugliness due to, 51; their deportation of English slaves, 54; their doctrine that things of the body do not matter, 57; their hatred of sex, 91, 183, 201, 202, 203;

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    their contempt of the body, 95, 199, 200; their specious cry of "Liberty" and "No Popery," 105, 106, 112; their intimate connection with trade, 111; Queen Elizabeth's hatred of them, 113; their brutality, 113, 231, 235; their insistence on the enforcement of laws against Catholics, 114, 115; their thirst for liberty to oppress the people, 127; their Sabbatarianism, 129, 189–193; their impudent assumption of omniscience, 142; trade on the side of the Puritans in the Grand Rebellion, 160, 161; their triumph meant the introduction of a new morality, 161, 162; past masters of the pious fraud, 172; their invention of the religion of capitalistic industry, 173 onwards; definition of, 177–180; the two kinds of, 178–180; their hatred of beauty and art, 181, 182, 200; names and trades of some of the Puritan leaders, 184–186; their object to make the Englishman miserable, 189; their suppression of festivities, 192, 193; their attempt to establish a credo, 194; their association of high spirits with the Devil, 194; the Puritans and prostitution, 204; their laws against so-called fornication, 204; their alteration of the Englishman's body, 205; their introduction of depressing foods and drinks, 205–227; first to introduce indirect taxation of labour, 214; their appreciation of tobacco smoking, 226 note; their slave trade, 233; their lack of Taste, 243; corruption under the, 282

Putomayo: rubber atrocities, 56

Pyorrhœa: 220

Quakers: drew profit in times of scarcity by having kept back large quantities of corn, 136; Cobbett's loathing of, 136

Quality: The Grand Rebellion a fight between quantity and, 50; Tudor and Stuart regard for, 50, 131, 133, 135; Charles I's fight for, 105; James I's and Charles I's regard for, 133; Charles I's regard for, 137, 138

Quassia Chips: as a hop substitute, 218 note.

Race: a matter of instinct, 302; Theognis on wealth mixing races, 304; Gobineau on the stability of a pure, 320 note; necessary for producing an example of flourishing life, 362

Rank: the obligations of, 7; should depend on intensity of race-beauty, will and instinct in the individual, 327

Reynolds's Newspaper: condemnation of beauty in, 176

Rebellion, the Grand: a struggle between good and bad taste, 50, 51, 187; its aim the introduction of a new morality, 162, 183

Revolution: rarely economical, 10 note; justifiable in the case of badly ruled peoples, 14, 266; Parliament Act a, 31; democratic revolt never fruitful, 73; inconceivable under a good ruling caste, 90; salutary, impossible under a democracy, 267

Romans: in their best period hostile to foreigners, 307, 310; mixed marriages proscribed by the early, 307; their decline due to cross-breeding, 308, 323

- p. 455 -

Ruler: essentially the. protector, 8; good judgment one of the qualities of the true, 11; the true, always beautiful, 11, 12; difference between the ruler-aristocrat and the plutocrat, 18; not happy in the ordinary sense, 18; his respect for the burden-bearer, 19; the true, the father of his subjects, 20 note; the true, immune from class envy, 34; the real, extinct in England, 46; lack of taste among modern hereditary rulers, 47; charity never chosen as a solution of social problems by the true, 84; demand for, to solve problems of State, 87; Charles I a true, 253

Russell, Lord John: the friend of factory legislation, 51

Sabbath. See Sunday

Salvation Army: a sign of misery, 35; a preposterous piece of subject meddlesomeness under good rulers, 90

Science: followers of, not representatives of flourishing life, 3; its confirmation of the fact that tradition rears beauty, 12; no ruler mind at the back of modern, 67; mechanical, its rise in the sixteenth century, 131; begins to confirm the wisdom of the ancients, 300; proves that there is very little accident in the production of great men, 361; the modern unwieldy substitute for good taste, 383; forgetful of the spirit, 392

Selfishness: necessary to the weak, 278 note

Sex: low sexuality necessary for modern commercial life, 172; high spirits, energy and vigour intimately connected with sex-instinct, 175; 183; healthy sexuality an obstacle to business life, 176; Puritan hatred of, 91, 183, 201, 202, 203; modern confusion over the management of, 198; sex instinct stimulated by beauty, 201; low sexuality of modern man and woman owing to Puritanism, 202; sex morality in small communities, 202, 203; pre-requisites for healthy sexual morality, 203; the object of the Puritans to atrophy sex, 203; stimulus to, provided by good old English ale, 211, 212, 213; sexual potency impaired by coffee, 224, 225; depressed by tobacco, 225 note; modern confusion in relation of sex to sex, 252; enfeebled by long inbreeding, 322

Shaftesbury, Lord: his protection of the people, 51; factory reforms introduced by, 56; an exception among his fellows, 79, 97; his opposition to the Reform Bills, 359; "democracy" a term of reproach to, 360

Ship Money: never a burdensome tax, 120; contributed to the naval victories under Cromwell, 121

Shopkeepers: Nemesis overcomes all societies victimised by, 49; the power of thwarted, 50; their cry for a two to one standard in ships of war, 62; the enemies of Charles I, 107; their invasion of the rural districts in the sixteenth century, in; Charles I's taxation of, 121; their hatred of Charles I, 138; undesirability of increase of that class, 227, 228;

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    the English a nation of, 230; Brahmans forbidden to associate with, 337

Slavery: parliamentary, 31; plutocrats standing on a foundation of half besotted slaves, 49; in England after the abolition of the negro slave trade, 53; of the English peasant, 59; the modern factory slave, 67 note, 175; the machine slave, 69 note; ugliness, ill-health and lack of vitality of the modern slave, 175, 176; necessary for the modern slave's day of rest to be gloomy, 189; for countenancing so-called fornication, 204; for drunkenness, 213; the slaves of industrialism reared by the Puritans, 231; under the Puritans, 233, 234; Irish sent into, by Cromwell, 233

Socialism: rampant owing to ignorant plutocratic solution of social evils, 85; its case against abuses of property, 238; its attack on wealth superficial, 239

Soul: pernicious doctrine of the salvation of the, 95; the danger of glorifying the, 199, 200; the reasons the ugly and botched have for glorifying the, 333; pernicious doctrine of the beauty of the, 337, 345

Spencer, Herbert: on Beauty, 13; on popular government being as oppressive as any other, 76; his belief that things can be safely left to themselves, 84

Spiritual Strength: reared by long tradition, 27; dependent on long ancestry, 28

Sports: Puritan suppression of, 129, 130, 189, 201; James I's Book of Sports, 130

Stage Plays: forbidden by the Puritans, 193

Strafford: his fate, 106; fought greed and opulence for the sake of the people, 107; no respecter of persons, 110, 141; foresaw that Parliamentary rule would mean oppression of the poor, 117; his speech before the Council of the North, 118; his readiness to spend his private money in the public service, 122, 123; his uprightness, 141; his championship of the people, 145; his beauty, 145; reasons for his so-called apostasy, 146; an extremely able ruler, 147; his. ancient lineage, 147; hostility among the powerful against, 148; his restoration of Church lands, 148; his good administration of Ireland, 148,149; his impeachment "the vengeance of his enemies," 150; Bill of Attainder against, 151, 152 note; Cobbett on the cowardice of his friends, 152 note; Charles I's pleading on his behalf, 153; the mob incited against him by the Puritans, 153; his letter to Charles I asking him to sign his death-warrant, 154, 155; regarded the assent of the people as a warrant of good rule, 265 note; his mistrust of Parliament, 355; his suspicion of lawyers, 408

Subject: subject movements mere patchwork, 85; no superior purpose behind subject movements, 86; natural incompetence for ruling of the subject mind, 86; hopeless muddle the result of subject meddling with ruling, 87; the Salvation Army a preposterous

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    piece of subject meddlesomeness under good rulers, 90; Temperance movement a stupid subject movement, 91; charity a subject solution, 92; inadequate education supplied in England by subject efforts, 94; degeneration of the subject into a serf, 102; never oppressed by Charles I, 120

Sunday: strict Sunday observance laws of the Puritans, 129; repealed by Charles 1,129, 130; Sunday amusements granted to the people by James I, 130; gloomy, insisted upon by the Puritans, 189–192

Superior Man: his taste the taste of flourishing life, 6; requires people to be ready to recognise him, 7; more likely to appear in ages of order and long tradition, 11, 12, 13; always beautiful, 11; his creation of culture, 98; minor artists dependent on the, 248

Suttee: 167, 168 note

Talent: the obligations of, 7, 27; the production of the man of, not to be ascribed to chance, 361

Taste: of science too slow and indefinite, 3; the artist the man of, 4; the man of, 5; the rarity of the man of, 7; the man of, sets the tone of his people, 16; of the Venetian aristocracy, 22; bad, leads to decadence, 23; of the people should be founded on higher authority, 24; the possession of the true aristocrat, 24, English aristocrat's lack of, 47, 416, 417; ought to incline those above to cultivate genuine superiority, 80; the power of wealth over, 106; the treasure of a bygone age, 166; of Charles I in art and literature, 181, 182; the greatest power in life, 241; the importance of, 241–256; conflict of good and bad, in the seventeenth century, 244; who possesses the touchstone of? 244; the specimen of flourishing life possesses it, 246; imposition of, by the voice of flourishing life the highest altruism, 247; men of, assert their supremacy themselves, 259; necessity for the continual exercise of, 269; leading to hatred of the foreigner among the ancients, 302, 309

Tea: one of the deleterious substitutes for Old English ale, 219–226; popular petition against, 223

Tobacco: an anaphrodisiac, 225 note; dislike of, on the part of James I and Charles I, 225 note; Puritans' appreciation of, 226 note.

Tories: their stupid theory of class hatred, 34; their missed opportunity, 102; might have taken the place of the Crown as patriarchal rulers, 102; but obeyed the behest of laissez-faire, 102

Towns: growth of, 42, 43;. good enough for sharpers and weaklings, 60; rise of powerful middle class in the, 109

Trade: the Grand Rebellion fight of, against tradition, 50; intimate connection of Puritanism with, in, 174; Charles I's constant interference with, 50, 136, 138 note; invention by the Puritans of the religion of, 173; success in, no criterion of the possession of ruler-

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    qualities, 412; list of some peers connected with, 412, 413

Tradesmen. See Shopkeepers

Trades Unions: transportation for forming, 44; created by the people in self defence, 46; formed owing to bad rulers, 60

Tradition: favourable to the appearance of the superior man, 11, 12; productive of beauty, 12; necessary for the rearing of Beauty, Art, Will, Conscience and Spiritual Strength, 27; requires stability for its establishment, 28; the Grand Rebellion, the struggle of, against trade, 50; rears character, 348; necessary for the production of talent and genius, 361; necessary for producing an example of flourishing life, 362; large families necessary for carrying on a great, 376; believers and disbelievers in the transmission of acquired characteristics united in the word tradition, 397, 398; belief of ancient aristocracies in the importance of, 398; value of traditional occupations for both aristocracy and people, 399, 400, 401

Transportation: for poaching and forming Trades Unions, 44; to Australia, 54; of English slaves by Puritans, 54; for so-called fornication, 204

Transvaluation of Values: necessary for the revival of aristocracy, 260, 261; accomplished by the Puritans, 262, 263

Travelling: bad for the man without backbone, 72

Ugliness: its prevalence in modern times, 3, 47, 49, 168; never an attribute of the true aristocrat, 13; demands change, 28; due to Puritans and Nonconformists, 51; prevalence of, owing to guidance of voice of impoverished life, 79

Unionist Peerage: indignation of some of them over the Parliament Act, 33

Vanity: its increase under democracy, 320 note.

Venice: the aristocracy of, very nearly the ideal rule of the best, 22; her control of the Church, 25; her tasteful aristocracy, 367; her Watch Committee, 367 note

Virtue: decline of public, due to class hostility, 82 note; the rearing of, 275; Aristotle's concept of, 275, 276; the virtues of the gentleman, 277, 278; the virtues, sub-divisions of the instincts, 311, 315, 316; possibility of cultivating, 316, 317; destroyed by cross-breeding, 319, 320, 347; caste virtue, 328; preserved by inbreeding, 329; killed by mixed marriages, 349; killed by modern conditions, 353; preserved by assortive mating, 384; destroyed by democracy, 387; dissipated by besotting labour, 399; the outcome of tradition, 400, 401

Wages: measures to establish maximum, 43; poor rates in aid of, 44

Watch Committee: J. S. Mill on necessity for, 14; in Venice, 367 note.

Weak: exploitation of the, only justifiable for the sake of true

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    superiors, 100; selfishness necessary for the, 278 note

Wealth: true, beauty and character, 24 note; the responsibility incumbent upon, 38; derived ultimately from the nation, 38; cruel and lifeless notion of the Wealth of Nations, 44; present capitalistic system the natural outcome of the Wealth of Nations, 66; may be a divine and beneficent power, 237; Egyptian view of, 238 note; divine dignity of, violated in England, 238; Socialist case against abuses of, 238; Cobbett on, 239; superficiality of Socialist attack on, 239; material, regarded as the highest good by modern man, 271, 272; no consideration to-day of how wealth is acquired, 279; Theognis on wealth mixing races, 304; Disraeli on a Utopia of Wealth and Toil, 355 note; mere wealth as a standard leads to democracy and ochlocracy, 365; a modern test for promotion to the peerage, 411; the bane of the social and political influence of, dishonestly acquired, 411

Wentworth: Sir Thomas. See Strafford

Will: reared only by long tradition and careful discipline and dependent on aristocratic rule, 27; dependent on sound instincts getting the mastery, 28; the manifestation of instinct, 309; its importance in the life of a nation, 310; the relation of instinct to, 311–315; Free Will and Determinism, only the weak man has Free Will, 314, 315; broken by cross-breeding, 310, 318, 320; decline of, under democracy, 320; rich reproductive powers associated with low order of will power, 322; built up by assortive mating, 384; disintegrated by persistent cross-breeding, 385; destroyed by democracy, 387; modification effected through the, 395; reared by tradition, 401; should be trained by education, 423, 424

Women: the Suffrage Movement a sign of misery, 34, 35; their entry into the ranks of industry and commerce, 42; in factories, 52, 57; appalling condition of, in factories, 54 note; refusal of Irish to allow women to be employed underground, 55; effects of female labour on homes of workmen still to be investigated, 57; the decline of domestic arts among, 57; difficult confinements of, employed in factories, 95; deleterious effects of tea upon, 223 note; Women's Petition against Coffee, 225; discontent among, 235; laisser-aller in the treatment of, by men and vice versâ, 270


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